Start your journey as a backend developer with this 2024 roadmap. Master essential skills like programming languages, web servers, authentication, and CI/CD to build and deploy powerful web applications
1. Internet Basics
- How the Internet Works
- What is HTTP?
- What is a Domain Name?
- What is Hosting?
- DNS and How It Works
- Browsers and How They Work
2. Pick a Programming Language
- JavaScript
- Python
- Java
- Ruby
- PHP
- Rust
- Go
3. Version Control Systems
- Git Basics
- Working with GitHub
4. Repository Hosting Services
- GitHub
- GitLab
- Bitbucket
5. Relational Databases
- PostgreSQL
- MySQL
- MariaDB
- SQLite
6. Caching
- Redis
- Memcached
7. Web Security
- HTTPS
- CORS
- Content Security Policy (CSP)
- OWASP Security Risks
- API Security Best Practices
- Server Security
- SSL/TLS
- Hashing Algorithms (MD5, SHA, bcrypt, scrypt)
8. Learn about APIs
- REST
- JSON APIs
- SOAP
- gRPC
- GraphQL
- OpenAPI Specs
9. Authentication
- JWT
- OAuth
- Basic Authentication
- Token Authentication
- Cookie-Based Authentication
- OpenID
- SAML
10. Testing
- Unit Testing
- Integration Testing
- Functional Testing
11. CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment)
- Learn CI/CD Tools
- Setting Up Pipelines
12. More about Databases
- ACID Properties
- Transactions
- ORMs
- Normalization
- Profiling & Performance
- Database Indexes
- Database Replication
- Sharding Strategies
- CAP Theorem
- Failover Techniques
13. Scaling Databases
- Vertical Scaling vs Horizontal Scaling
- Partitioning
- Replication
- Load Balancing
14. NoSQL Databases
- Document Databases (MongoDB, CouchDB)
- Key-Value Databases (Redis, DynamoDB)
- Column Databases (Cassandra, HBase)
- Graph Databases (Neo4j, Amazon Neptune)
- Time Series Databases (InfluxDB, Timescale)
15. Software Design & Architecture
- Design and Development Principles
- SOLID
- DRY
- KISS
- Architectural Patterns
- Monolithic Applications
- Microservices
- SOA
- Serverless Architecture
- Event-Driven Architecture
- Domain-Driven Design
- CQRS
- Event Sourcing
16. Message Brokers
- RabbitMQ
- Kafka
17. Web Servers
- Nginx
- Apache
- Caddy
- MS IIS
18. Containerization & Virtualization
- Docker
- Kubernetes
- LXC
19. Real-Time Data
- WebSockets
- Server-Sent Events
- Long Polling
- Short Polling
20. Search Engines
- Elasticsearch
- Solr
21. Build for Scale
- Differences & Usage of Monolithic and Microservices Architecture
- Instrumentation, Monitoring & Telemetry
- Handling Failures and Errors
- Scaling Strategies
- Graceful Degradation
- Load Balancing
- Rate Limiting
- Throttling
- Resiliency Patterns
- Circuit Breakers
- Mitigation Strategies
22. Observability
- Logging & Monitoring
- Alerting
- Tracing
- Metrics
23. Advanced Topics (Optional)
- Learning DevOps Concepts
- Understanding Networking Fundamentals